Profitable Farming During Monsoon: Follow PUSA’s Advisory for Paddy, Maize, Pulses and Vegetables

Key Highlights:

• Transplant paddy at 20 cm x 10 cm spacing with proper fertilization.

• Grow maize on ridges using hybrid and improved seeds.

• Sow jowar, cowpea now with 40 kg of seed per hectare.

• Prepare nurseries for chilli, brinjal, and cauliflower with seed treatment.

• Use Pusa varieties and scaffolding for gourd vegetables.

In view of the ongoing monsoon and losses faced by farmers in states like Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Bihar, the Pusa Agricultural Institute (IARI-PUSA) has issued a crucial advisory for farmers growing paddy, maize, pulses, vegetables and fodder crops. These expert tips aim to help farmers protect their crops from rain-related damage and increase profits during the Kharif season.

Let’s understand the key measures advised by the Pusa Institute for different crops to ensure safe and profitable farming in 2025.

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Transplant Paddy at the Right Time for Better Yield

If your paddy nursery is 20–25 days old, Pusa suggests starting transplantation immediately. For proper growth and high yield, maintain row distance of 20 cm and plant-to-plant distance of 10 cm.

Fertilizer Management for Paddy:

• Nitrogen: As per the recommended kg/hectare

• Phosphorus: 60 kg/hectare

• Potash: 40 kg/hectare

• Zinc Sulphate: 25 kg/hectare

• Blue Green Algae: Use 1 packet per acre in water-filled fields (helps fix nitrogen naturally)

Also, strengthen the bunds of paddy fields so that rainwater stays for longer and reduces the need for extra irrigation.

Grow Maize on Ridges Using Improved Varieties

For better results in maize farming during monsoon, farmers are advised to grow maize on ridges.

Recommended Hybrid Varieties:

• AH-421

• AH-58

Recommended Improved Varieties:

• Pusa Composite-3

• Pusa Composite-4

Buy only genuine seeds from trusted sources to avoid crop loss. Use 20 kg of seed per hectare. Keep row distance 60–75 cm and plant spacing 18–25 cm.

Weed Management in Maize:

Use Atrazine (1–1.5 kg per hectare) mixed in 800 litres of water to control weeds effectively.

Cultivate Pulses and Fodder Crops Now

Now is a good time to sow jowar and cowpea, which are excellent fodder crops.

Recommended Jowar Varieties:

• Pusa Chari-6

• Pusa Chari-9

Use 40 kg of jowar seeds per hectare for optimal results.

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Do This in All Kharif Crops

Carry out regular weeding in all Kharif crops. You may also use herbicides to reduce competition from weeds. This practice:

• Reduces water wastage

• Promotes healthy root development

• Protects crops from major damage

Vegetable Farming and Nursery Tips

Now is the best time to prepare nurseries for:

• Chilli

• Brinjal (Baingan)

• Cauliflower (Phool Gobhi)

Seed Treatment:

Use 2 grams of Captan per kg of seed before sowing.

Nursery Protection:

• Use nylon nets to prevent insect attacks

• Use shade nets to protect from harsh sunlight

• If the nursery is ready, prepare for transplantation immediately

Grow Gourd Family Vegetables on Ridges

Sow vegetables like bottle gourd, bitter gourd, ridge gourd, cucumber, and pointed gourd on ridges for better drainage.

Variety Recommendations:

Ensure proper scaffolding for vines and good drainage to prevent waterlogging.

Also Read: Maize Crop Safe from Heavy Rain with This New Sowing Technique, Learn How It Works

Special Care in Chilli Farming

If chilli plants are affected by viruses, immediately uproot and bury them to prevent the spread. Then, in clear weather, spray Imidacloprid at 0.3 ml per litre of water for pest control.

Horticulture Tips for Fruit Farmers

If you’re planning to plant new fruit orchards this season:

• Always buy certified saplings

• Plant them in well-prepared pits for strong root growth

Pusa Advisory: Key to Profitable Farming Even in Irregular Monsoon

With monsoon rainfall becoming increasingly unpredictable, farmers are facing challenges in crop management. But following this advice from Pusa can help save crops and increase productivity.

By adopting techniques such as:

• Timely transplantation

• Proper fertilizer and weed control

• Improved seed varieties

• Drainage and pest management

Farmers can minimize losses and even earn profits despite heavy rains or irregular monsoons.

For more guidance or support, farmers are encouraged to visit their nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK).

Also Read: Bihar Government Offers ₹50,000 Subsidy to Farmers for Building Permanent Threshing Floors

CMV360 Says

Pusa Institute’s timely and detailed farming advisory can make a big difference for Indian farmers this monsoon. Whether it's paddy, maize, pulses, vegetables, or fruit orchards, each step shared above is designed to help farmers reduce risks, save their crops, and earn better income.

Stay informed, adopt right techniques, and make this Kharif season more profitable!